Frequently Asked Questions about Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Increasing Your Chances of Conception
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
At RMA, we know that preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) can give hopeful parents peace of mind on a variety of genetic issues. When paired with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), it helps your care team increase the chance for a healthy, successful pregnancy.
What are the different types of PGT?
PGT-A
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy
PGT-A is offered to all IVF patients and looks for extra or missing chromosomes in an embryo. RMA uses the most advanced PGT-A platform available. Validated over several years and rigorous clinical trials, it can detect chromosome abnormalities with more precision than many other platforms. As 50-70% of miscarriages have been shown to be due to chromosome imbalances in an embryo, using PGT-A can substantially reduce these risks.
PGT-M
Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/single gene defects
PGT-M is a test available for any patient or couple at risk to have a child with a condition caused by a single gene. Examples include cystic fibrosis, hereditary cancer predispositions or neurofibromatosis. A unique test is developed for every family based on their genetic makeup. RMA works closely with the PGT-M lab to make sure the testing is set up as soon as possible and families have the most accurate results possible.
PGT-SR
Preimplantation genetic testing for structural chromosomal rearrangements
The last type, PGT-SR, is an option for couples where one partner has a chromosome rearrangement such as a translocation or inversion. This testing looks for any unbalanced forms of these rearrangements, reducing the chance for a miscarriage and the chance to have a child with a chromosome abnormality.
Embryo Biopsy
No matter what type of PGT is done, an embryo biopsy is needed. An embryo biopsy takes place about 5 or 6 days after fertilization of the egg. It involves gently removing about five cells from a part of the embryo that will go on to make the placenta. Embryo biopsy has been shown to be a safe procedure that does not harm the embryo or the baby that develops from it.
A Research Study
Women who have three chromosomally-normal embryos as a result of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) have a 94.9% chance of achieving pregnancy, new research conducted by Reproductive Medicine Associates (RMA) and presented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) shows.
Frequently Asked Questions About Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is a procedure that examines embryos for specific genetic abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus, helping to select embryos with the best potential for healthy development.
PGT can screen for chromosomal abnormalities, single-gene disorders, and hereditary conditions such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and others based on family history or risk factors.
PGT is performed by biopsying a few cells from each embryo and analyzing them in a laboratory for genetic information. Only embryos without specific genetic issues are selected for transfer to the uterus.
PGT is recommended for individuals or couples with a known genetic condition, those who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss, or individuals undergoing IVF who want additional insights into embryo health.
PGT is generally safe, though there is a minor risk associated with embryo biopsy. However, advancements in technology have minimized risks, and the procedure is widely used to enhance embryo selection.